Chapter Seventeen

Personal Reaction: Chapter seventeen is all about how to avoid plagiarism as well as how to incorporate the information from your sources into your essay. I found this chapter to be very straightforward and easy to understand, with ideas and topics that I have seen over and over again. One thing that was new to me was the topic synthesizing, a word that I have never heard of before reading the chapter.

Professional Reaction: There are three ways to use a sources information in your own personal writing: paraphrasing, summarizing and quotation; each of which only includes the information from the source not the writers personal impute. Paraphrasing and summarizing are putting the information into your own words while quotation uses exact language. When you either paraphrase, summarize or quote information, a good way to introduce the information is with an identifying phrase. This identifying phrase can go either before, after or in the middle of the sentence. Synthesizing is a major topic in the chapter, which can easily be defined as the combination of paraphrases, summaries and quotes. When you synthesize, you use material from the source along with your own ideas. There are two types of plagiarism, intentional and unintentional. To avoid plagiarism, make sure that you identify the source, place borrowed words in quotation marks, use your own wording and distinguish between your own ideas and the ideas from the source.

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CHAPTER 17
Integrating sources & avoiding plagiarism.



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Personal opinion:

I liked how the author presented the information in this chapter. The introduction paragraph gives good tips on notes taking and the next steps to follow to successfully integrate and synthesize
the material found in your own writing.
The parts about paraphrasing, summarizing, quoting, integrating material, synthesizing and avoiding plagiarism have very clear examples that helped me to understand the methodology and tips of the author.

Professional opinion:
Chapter 17 exposes the student to the ways and methods to succesfully integrate sources in a argument essay and how to avoid plagiarism.
After a brief but complete introduction the author goes into detail about each method. The chapter is presented and organised in different sections clearly identified by a title. In each section there is a clear example to help comprehension.

ETHOS, PATHOS, LOGOS


Ethos: 
It is the ethical appeal. 
It is the part of the argument that appeals to the credibility or knowledge of the author on a specific subject 
1. I will use reliable sources to talk about the influence of media on young girls and women.
2. I will cite psychologist and scholars who have studied the impacts that the media has on the psyche of the viewers.
3. I will talk about my personal reaction  as a woman and as a  mother with the images and messages I receive from the ads and the media. I will present my views in a fair way not to compromise my credibility.

Pathos:
It is the emotional appeal. It is trying to establish an emotional connection with the reader.
1. I will use examples that are easily recognizable by the reader. The readers is also exposed to advertisement and observes the media, so by choosing the right case studies or examples I will gain the sympathy of the reader. 

Logos: 
It is the part of the argument that appeals to the logic and reasoning.
1. I will be thoughtful about how to structure my argument so my reasoning and logic appears easily to the reader.
2. I will use the evidence from medical and psychological studies, to support my arguments.

3. I will get my evidence in reputable medical databases. 

Chapter 17

Integrating Sources and Avoiding Plagiarism:
Personal Reaction-
 The segment on paraphrasing was very useful to me because paraphrasing is an important part of writing. I have used paraphrasing many times, but this section was a nice reminder of how and when paraphrasing should be done. I will be using this information many times in my future. I thought the section on quotes was also a good reminder of the proper way to quote sources.

Professional Reaction-
 In my opinion, the segment on synthesizing was the most important section in this chapter. I think synthesizing is a very important tool to have while writing, and I am planning on using this information not only on my research paper, but as well as many more papers to come. Talking about how to avoid plagiarism was a very important section because I think plagiarism is something that could easily be done on accident, and having the knowledge to avoid it is important.

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Ethos, Pathos, Logos

Ethos-
Ethos is the credibility of a speaker or author etc. It basically determines weather or not it is worth listening to the author. Somebody who has more credibility is worth listening to, compared to somebody who does not know much about the subject.
Support Bits- 
1. I will talk about how I have eaten organic food all throughout my life.
2. I will mention how I helped my dad with many organic gardens.
3. I will talk about my prior knowledge on how and why conventional, processed foods can be harmful.

Pathos- 
Pathos is the emotional aspect of writing. It is about connecting to the reader. It is the use of emotion to convince the reader to listen to the author.
Support Bits-
1. I will be understanding when it comes to why some people can't afford organic food, and I will provide information on which conventional foods it is important to avoid altogether.
2. I will be thoughtful with the fact some people don't know the facts about organic food.
3. I will not judge a person's choice to eat conventionally grown and processed foods.

Logos- 
Logos uses reason, facts, and evidence to support and persuade an argument.
Support Bits-
1. I will provide lots of information on the benefits of eating organic food vs conventionally grown, processed, and "all-natural" food.
2. I will provide information on why and how GMO's are harmful to ourselves, and the environment.
3. I will use credible sources to back up my information.

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Ethos, Pathos and Logos

Ethos: Ethos deals with credibility, that what the author is saying is worth listening to. Ethos is commonly interchanged with ethics. For example, we are more likely to trust something that comes from a database versus Wikipedia. This is because the database is established while Wikipedia can be altered with incorrect information.  

-       I will use data from databases and reliable resources to make my argument.

-       I will talk about how other schools have switched to a minimalistic homework approach and have seen positive results. Seeing a minimalistic approach work in other schools will make the reader be more inclined to believe what I am stating is accurate, building their credibility with me.

-       I will not take data from a website and use it out of context to make my argument.

-       I will talk about how I grew up in a school that overloaded homework and how now I work at a school that does the minimalistic approach and the differences that I observe.

Pathos: Pathos deals with emotion. Images and words can help to establish an emotional connection between the author’s writing and the reader. An example of this is the Sarah Mclachlan commercial about supporting abused animals. The commercial uses sad pictures of puppies to appeal to the audience’s emotions.

-       I will discuss how homework can cause a child to be learning incorrectly, then falling behind in school.  

-       I will write about how homework can cause children to have physical complications that could otherwise be avoided.

-       I will talk about how students have missed out on family events because of homework.  

Logos: Logos appeals to reason and logic through facts and evidence. Logos can be especially helpful when sequencing paragraphs in an essay. An example of logos would be saying that doing your homework and studying results in better test grades. This is something that is logically sound, making the audience more likely to believe what you are saying. If you were to say that not doing your homework and going into the test without studying results in better grades would be illogical and most likely not believed by the audience.  

-       I will structure my essay’s paragraphs in a way that is logical and effective to making my point.

-       I will argue that what society has deemed to be logical (that the more homework a child has, the better off that they will be) is actually illogical.

-       I will use statistics to to argue that more negatives come from homework than positives.  

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